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特朗普时期的大国关系:美俄、美印与中美(5)

在中美关系方面,特朗普一方面在经贸、朝鲜半岛问题乃至南海上频频发牌,力图从中为美国获取更多利益,但也逐渐认识到中美关系的全面性、复杂性及重要性。两国元首的成功会晤及高层交往频繁的互动与交流,为两国关系的健康平稳发展发挥了引领作用。四大新对话机制的建立与推进,为中美两国解决包括经贸等问题在内的棘手问题提供了新渠道与新动力,也为妥善管控分歧提供了机制保障。随着2017年11月特朗普就任后的首次访华,中美两国领导人将迎来共同把脉中美关系,寻求中美关系新共识,促进中美合作的新机遇。

展望未来,美俄关系的“冷淡”状况不会发生根本性变化,美国国会将继续为两国关系“吹冷风”。美印关系会朝着既定方向发展,两国在政治、经济乃至安全领域的合作会继续深化,但其重要性仍将居于次要地位。中美关系将继续呈现竞争与合作并存局面,但两国会努力管控分歧,并积极寻求新的合作点,确保中美关系的平稳及健康发展。

注释

[1]Donald J. Trump, "The Inaugural Address," Washington D.C., January 20, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/inaugural-address.

[2]Donald J. Trump: "Remarks on Foreign Policy at the National Press Club in Washington, DC," April 27, 2016. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=117813; Donald J. Trump: "Remarks on Proposals for the First 100 Days in Office at the Eisenhower Complex in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania," October 22, 2016. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=119875.

[3]Peter Beinart, "Why Trump's Republican Party Is Embracing Russia," The Atlantic, December 12, 2016, https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/12/the-conservative-split-on-russia/510317/.

[4]Donald J. Trump: "Remarks on Foreign Policy at the National Press Club in Washington, DC," April 27, 2016. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=117813.

[5]Charlie Campbell, "China Warns Donald Trump Not to 'Escalate' North Korea Situation with Erratic Tweets," Time, January 4, 2017, http://time.com/4621475/china-donald-trump-north-korea-twitter/.

[6]K Alan Kronstadt and Shayerah Ilias Akhtar, "India-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress," Congressional Research Service Report, June 19, 2017, pp.1-16.

[7]Thomas Wright, "Trump's 19th Century Foreign Policy," Politico, January 20, 2016, http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/01/donald-trump-foreign-policy-213546?o=0.

[8]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "Readout of President Donald J. Trump's Meeting With Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov of Russia," May 10, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/05/10/readout-president-donald-j-trumps-meeting-foreign-minister-sergey-lavrov.

[9]David E. Sanger and Neil MacFarquhar, "With Awkward Timing, Trump Meets Top Russian Official," The New York Times, May 10, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/10/world/europe/trump-russia-foreign-minister-sergey-lavrov-meeting.html; Julie Vitkovskaya and Amanda Erickson, "The Strange Oval Office Meeting Between Trump, Lavrov, and Kislyak," The Washington Post, May 10, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/05/10/the-strange-oval-office-meeting-between-trump-lavrov-and-kislyak/?utm_term=.eefc77258aaa; Jim Acosta, Laura Smith-Spark and Nicole Gaouette, "Trump Has 'Very, Very Good' Meeting With Lavrov, Kislyak at White House," The CNN, May 10, 2017, http://edition.cnn.com/2017/05/10/politics/trump-lavrov-tillerson-meeting/index.html.

[10]Loren Dejonge Schulman, "Why Trump's Solo Meeting With Putin Was A Big No-No," Politico, July 23, 2017, http://www.politico.eu/article/donlad-trump-vladimir-putin-g20-why-solo-meeting-with-was-a-big-no-no/; David A. Graham, "The Other Putin-Trump Meeting," The Atlantic, July 18, 2017, https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/07/trump-putin-second-meeting/534099/; Aaron Blake, "Why Did Trump Meet With Putin Again? Here Are Three Possibilities," The Washington Post, July 19, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/07/19/why-did-trump-meet-secretly-with-putin-here-are-3-theories/?utm_term=.9f16a3fcbabb.

[11]Cory Welt, "Russia: Background and U.S. Policy," Congressional Research Service Report, August 21, 2017, p.45.

[12]H.R. 3364, "Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017," in Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act, August 2, 2017.

[13]Courtney Weaver and Henry Foy, 'Trump Grudgingly Signed 'Flawed' Russian Sanctions Bill," Financial Times, August 3, 2017, https://www.ft.com/content/dbb3dbc0-7791-11e7-90c0-90a9d1bc9691.

[14]K Alan Kronstadt and Shayerah Ilias Akhtar, "India-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress," Congressional Research Service Report, June 19, 2017, p.15.

[15]K Alan Kronstadt and Shayerah Ilias Akhtar, "India-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress," Congressional Research Service Report, June 19, 2017, pp.25-33.

[16]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "Readout of the President's Call With Prime Minister Narendra Modi of India," January 24, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/24/readout-presidents-call-prime-minister-narendra-modi-india.

[17]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "Remarks by President Trump and Prime Minister Modi of India in Joint Press Statement," June 26, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/remarks-president-trump-and-prime-minister-modi-india-joint-press.

[18]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "United States and India: Prosperity Through Partnership," June 26, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership.

[19]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "Remarks by President Trump on the Strategy in Afghanistan and South Asia," Arlington, Virginia, June 26, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/08/21/remarks-president-trump-strategy-afghanistan-and-south-asia.

[20]News Transcript, "Secretary Mattis Joint Press Conference with Minister of Defense of Nirmala Sitharaman," Press Operations, Sept. 26, 2017, https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript-View/Article/1325283/secretary-mattis-joint-press-conference-with-minister-of-defence-nirmala-sithar/.

[21]傅莹、王缉思主编:《超越分歧,走向双赢——中美智库研究报告(中方)》,2017年5月22日,第8~13页。

[22]Mark Landler, "Next Stop for the Steve Bannon Insurgency: China," The New York Times, September 8, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/08/us/politics/steve-bannon-china-trump.html?mcubz=1.

[23]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "Readout of the President's Call with President Xi Jinping of China," February 9, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/02/09/readout-presidents-call-president-xi-jinping-china.

[24]中华人民共和国外交部:《王毅介绍中美元首海湖庄园会晤情况》,中华人民共和国外交部网站,2017年4月8日,http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/zyxw/t1452259.shtml。

[25]The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, "Remarks by President Trump After Meeting with President Xi of China," April 7, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/04/07/remarks-president-trump-after-meeting-president-xi-china.

[26]U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Public Affairs, "Joint Release: Initial Results of the 100-Day Action Plan of the U.S.-China Comprehensive Economic Dialogue," May 11, 2017, https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2017/05/joint-release-initial-results-100-day-action-plan-us-china-comprehensive.

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